Concrete stairs in private homes. Finishing concrete stairs with your own hands

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Concrete stairs in private homes. Finishing concrete stairs with your own hands
Concrete stairs in private homes. Finishing concrete stairs with your own hands
Anonim

Concrete stairs will connect the floors, create a lift in the porch area and make the space more comfortable to use. Such structures are not very expensive, and they are extremely easy to mount. Carrying out such work will be within the power of any home master.

Pros of concrete stairs

concrete staircase
concrete staircase

The production of concrete stairs is justified. If you build such a structure, following all the rules prescribed by the technology, then the system will demonstrate strength and long life. In addition to those mentioned, there are some other advantages. Among them is the ability to supplement the main building with a structure that gives it additional rigidity. There is another plus that distinguishes concrete stairs from those made of other materials. It is the preservation of stability throughout the entire service life.

The production of concrete stairs is usually completed with the improvement of structures, while applying all kinds of finishes. You can install concrete stairs in rooms that are characterized by high humidity. But if you plan to carry out the work yourself, then the cost of construction becomes equal to the cost of materials.

Cons of concrete stairs

Concrete stairs, like all those in the manufacture of which other materials are used, have certain disadvantages, they are expressed in significant weight and high labor costs during manufacture.

Manufacturing process

concrete stairs
concrete stairs

Before starting work, it is worth considering that you will be faced with the task of completing three stages, the first of which involves the creation of formwork, the second - reinforcement, while the final stage is concreting. The formation of formwork can be considered the most time-consuming process, since the appearance of the stairs and its shape will depend on how well and correctly these works will be carried out.

If the concrete staircase you are about to make is the first one in your master's practice, then you should not immediately try to create complex structures, on the contrary, you can choose the simplest option, which involves the construction of a single-flight type structure. Such a system should be located between two walls. In this case, the side formwork should not be installed, the walls will act as it.

Somewhat more laborious to implement will be a staircase, which has two flights and a platform between floors. Winder steps can be used as an alternative solution. Making the last of them will be more difficult compared to the site, but they allow you to create additional space by arranging a short flight of stairs.

Determining design parameters

concrete staircase finishing
concrete staircase finishing

Concrete stairs, like any other, should be easy to use and safe. The main parameter is the angle of inclination. If work is carried out in the interior of a private house, then the angle, as a rule, is 25-45 °. If young he althy people live in the house, then a slope of 40-45 ° can be used to save space. While moving along it can be quite unsafe and very difficult for the elderly and children.

Concrete stairs in private houses in some cases have a not so impressive slope, in this case the steps get a small height, and the steps when moving along them become “minching”. When determining the parameters of the stairs, keep in mind that the construction of a structure with a slope of 25-30 ° will involve a more impressive consumption of materials (1, 7-2, 3 times), if compared with a staircase, the angle of inclination of which is slightly larger - about 40-45 °.

When making concrete stairs in private houses, the craftsmen, having determined the angle of inclination, begin to calculate the number of steps. It should be taken into account that the step length is approximately 60 cm. The most optimal in this case will be the width of the step within 30 cm, a person with 45 shoe sizes can freely climb such a ladder. But the most suitable step height is 18 cm, but it should not be more than 25 cm.

Preparatory work

do-it-yourself concrete staircase
do-it-yourself concrete staircase

When making concrete stairs, craftsmen initially create formwork. This stage is accompanied by the installation of temporary stringers, which are inclined elements that take on the load at the time of pouring the solution. To do this, you can use a bar 50x150 mm. It is worth abandoning the steel stationary stringers, as they will give the stairs "weight". The bottom of the formwork should be created using waterproof 2.5 cm plywood. Smooth sheets should be chosen, as this will affect the evenness of the bottom of the stairs. This will subsequently allow finishing work that will not be accompanied by difficulties. The formwork must be supplemented with retaining posts, which can be used as timber.

Reinforcement

production of concrete stairs
production of concrete stairs

When making concrete stairs, professionals in the next step lay reinforcement. For which it is recommended to use rods Ø12 mm, the laying must be done, trying to create a grid with a cell size of 150x200 mm. The rods must be connected by wire and a special hook. You can use the connection of the reinforcement and by welding, however, the cross section of the reinforcement should not be reduced. The resulting frame should be placed in the bottom layer of the march.

Pouring concrete

concrete stairs in private houses
concrete stairs in private houses

Now it's time to assemble the formwork for the steps themselves. The end components of the formwork, which are located vertically, as well as the side formwork, must be fixed to each other using steel corners mounted on self-tapping screws.

DIY concrete stairs can be made using a concrete mixer. Experts advise mixing the solution mechanically, since the manual method reduces the strength of concrete by 20%. This is due to the fact that the components of the mixture are distributed unevenly. The preparation of the solution must be carried out in the following order: initially crushed stone should be poured into the concrete mixer, after sand and cement. In this state, the ingredients are mixed for a minute. Then you can gradually add water and plasticizer, without stopping mixing for another 4 minutes.

A do-it-yourself concrete staircase is made taking into account the initial pouring of several lower steps. This is especially important to consider if the concrete is prepared in a liquid consistency. When laying the solution, do not forget about its compaction, this can be done with a vibrator. The trowel will form steps. After completion of these works, the stairs are closed with polyethylene.

Tools and materials

concrete stairs to the second floor
concrete stairs to the second floor

Concrete stairs to the second floor are made using:

  • bar;
  • waterproof plywood;
  • hook for knitting reinforcing wire;
  • wire;
  • self-tapping screws;
  • cement;
  • rubble;
  • sand;
  • shovels;
  • tanks or concrete mixers.

Finishing concrete stairs

Finishing a concrete staircase is traditionally made with wood. If you decide to use it for ennoblement, then it is recommended to use hardwoods, such as beech or oak. It is necessary to make blanks from the material, which will serve as treads. Their width, as a rule, is 32 cm, while the thickness is 4.5 cm. Other materials can be used, for example, natural or artificial stone, but then the design will turn out to be more expensive. Finishing a concrete staircase should be accompanied by fixing polyethylene foam under the wood, which will act as a waterproofing.

You can also supplement the design with forged elements, then it is permissible to ennoble the surface with dry compositions intended for dilution with water. This will make the staircase look elegant.

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