Antral gastritis: treatment

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Antral gastritis: treatment
Antral gastritis: treatment
Anonim

Antral gastritis is a fairly common problem. Approximately 25% of cases of lesions of the gastric mucosa represent this disease. Moreover, according to statistics, most often such a disease is diagnosed in young people. So what is disease? What are its causes and symptoms? Are there effective treatments?

What is a disease?

antral gastritis
antral gastritis

Antral gastritis in most cases is a disease with a chronic course. The disease is accompanied by a lesion of the mucous membrane in the antrum of the stomach (closer to the duodenum), which, in fact, is due to its name.

It is immediately worth noting that it is in this part of the stomach that the hormone gastrin is produced. When the mucous membrane is damaged, an increase in the level of acidity of gastric juice begins, which, of course, leads to a lot of complications.

Main causes of antral gastritis

Until recently it was believed that antral gastritis is the result of malnutrition and bad habits. But recent studies have shown that in about 90% of cases, the inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa occurs against the background of the activity of specific bacteria Helicobacter pylori.

Of course, other reasons should not be discounted, since the activation of the vital activity of pathogenic microflora is often associated with such risk factors as malnutrition, constant stress, smoking, and alcohol abuse. There is also a genetic predisposition. In some cases, gastritis occurs against the backdrop of an autoimmune process.

Antral gastritis and its varieties

superficial antral gastritis
superficial antral gastritis

Depending on the characteristics of the course of the disease and the extent of the lesion of the mucous membrane, in modern medicine it is customary to distinguish several forms of this disease:

  • Superficial antral gastritis - accompanied by damage to the upper layer of the mucosa. This is a kind of mild, initial stage of the disease, in which there are no deeper lesions.
  • Erosive antral gastritis is more serious, in which the inflammatory process is intense. Extensive inflammation leads to the formation of erosive areas, damage to the gastric glands and scarring of tissues.
  • Focal form of the disease - accompanied by the formation of clear foci of inflammation.
  • In hyperplastic gastritis, there is an overgrowth of the gastric mucosa, followed by the formation of polyps and cysts of various sizes.

According to the nature of the course, it is customary to distinguish between acute and chronic forms of the disease. Moreover, chronic antral gastritis may be accompanied by symptoms of varying intensity.

Main symptoms of the disease

Of course, the signs of this disease directly depend on the degree of damage to the mucous membrane. For example, superficial antral gastritis can even proceed without any visible symptoms. Acidity is usually normal or slightly elevated.

chronic antral gastritis
chronic antral gastritis

With further progression of the disease, the acidity of the gastric juice increases. In this case, there is a violation of the integrity of the mucous membrane of the lower part of the stomach, as well as the duodenum. And the first symptom in this case is pain. Soreness occurs in the epigastric region and is cramping in nature. Many patients note that attacks most often occur 1-2 hours after eating.

Erosive antral gastritis, in which erosive areas form on the mucous membrane, is accompanied by more pronounced symptoms. The pains become intense. At the same time, patients complain of frequent belching and the resulting unpleasant sour taste in the mouth. Dyspeptic disorders are also possible. In particular, the signs of gastritis include bloating, diarrhea, nausea, accompanied by vomiting. It is also worth noting that pain attacks can be triggered by alcohol, sour and spicy foods.

In some cases, if left untreated, antral gastritis may be accompanied by periodic stomach bleeding.

Modern diagnostic methods

erosive antral gastritis
erosive antral gastritis

The symptoms of this disease are not specific - the same symptoms are observed in many diseases of the digestive tract. Therefore, it is impossible to make a diagnosis after passing tests and visual examination. The most accurate and effective diagnostic method today is gastroduodenoscopy. During the procedure, the doctor, using special equipment, examines the mucous membrane, and, if necessary, takes tissue for further laboratory tests. It is also necessary to determine the level of acidity of gastric juice, since it is always increased with antral gastritis.

Antral gastritis: treatment

Therapy for this disease must be comprehensive. First of all, patients are prescribed antibacterial drugs that inhibit the activity of Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotics in this case are selected individually.

antral gastritis treatment
antral gastritis treatment

The doctor will also prescribe medications that correct the work of the gastric glands and lower the pH of the gastric juice. In most cases, Omeprazole and Ranitidine are used for this purpose. It will also help to improve the patient's well-being and preparations with enveloping properties, for example, Almagel. With severe nausea, patients are recommended medications such as Domperidone or Metoclopramide. You can relieve pain with the help of antispasmodics. In addition, the doctor may prescribe enzymatic preparations, in particular, such as Mezim or Festal, which will facilitate digestion.

After the activity of the bacterial infection has been suppressed, restorative therapy can begin. As a rule, such treatment includes taking drugs that accelerate the process of regeneration of the mucous membrane and restore its main functions. In some cases, vitamin complexes are additionally prescribed.

And, of course, in no case should you forget about the right diet. Fried, spicy and sour dishes, spices, smoked meats, pickles, alcohol should be excluded from the diet - in a word, all foods that irritate the mucous membrane. All food should be soft and easily digestible. Steam cooking is recommended.

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