Tuberculosis symptoms hidden behind a mask

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Tuberculosis symptoms hidden behind a mask
Tuberculosis symptoms hidden behind a mask
Anonim

Transmission routes

Tuberculosis is a dangerous disease, transmitted, like most infectious diseases, by airborne droplets (by way), even without personal contact. Infection is possible in a number of public places (cafes, workplaces, public transport, clinics, etc.). Koch's wand (pathogen) is resistant to many factors - light, heat, humidity, cold. Street dust, book pages, banknotes can store the virus for many months. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common form. At risk are people who have weak immunity (those who have had previous illnesses and operations, after stress, etc.).etc.), irrationally eating, abusing alcohol.

Signs of tuberculosis
Signs of tuberculosis

Signs of tuberculosis

In adults, they are generally similar to the signs of the disease in children, but the diagnosis is different. It all depends on the type of disease, location, shape, characteristics of the body. Consider each form separately.

Tuberculosis is a disease in disguise

That's what they call this disease. The signs of tuberculosis are so vague that even experienced doctors do not always recognize it immediately. Of course, the course of tuberculosis of the skin differs from that of bone or lung tuberculosis. Therefore, the first step is to determine the localization of the infection. But even within the same organ, the symptoms differ. Here, the symptoms of the disease depend on the activity of the process and the type of development.

Types of tuberculosis, clinical forms

Intoxication in adolescents, children

Diagnosed by tuberculin test. Signs of tuberculosis - worsening condition, periodically rising temperature, lack or decrease in appetite, nervousness, weight loss, swollen lymph nodes.

Pulmonary (respiratory) tuberculosis

Signs of tuberculosis: inflammatory changes in lung tissues, affected intrathoracic lymph nodes. The clinical picture will depend on the phase in which the process is currently taking place, and the patient's immunity. An asymptomatic course is not excluded. X-ray reveals characteristic changes. In a complicated course, an extensive infiltrate with affected lung segments, bronchial damage (darkening, dark spots) are clearly visible. Here it is already possible to recognize chronic primary tuberculosis. With the primary infection with Koch's sticks, we are talking about tuberculosis of the VLLU (intrathoracic lymph nodes). Variants of this type of tuberculosis are small, tumor-like, infiltrative. There are pronounced symptoms of intoxication. Computed tomography is indicated for confirmation or refutation.

Signs of tuberculosis in adults
Signs of tuberculosis in adults

Disseminated tuberculosis of lung tissue

Varies by type:

- acute (with immunodeficiency, cavities can form);

- subacute (foci in the lungs, symptoms of intoxication);

- chronic (consecutive organ damage).

Miliary TB

It proceeds with severe intoxication, the course is acute, with rapid damage to organs.

Local TB

Signs of this type of tuberculosis lie in the presence of a few foci in one area, or on two lungs at once. The course is asymptomatic. If fibrofocal changes are found on the radiograph, the patient must be examined again to confirm or exclude an already active process.

Infiltrative tuberculosis

Intended in the presence of inflammatory changes. The degree depends on the severity and spread of the process.

Cavernous tuberculosis

In this form, a cavity is formed, without pronounced changes (fibrous).

Fibro-cavernous tuberculosis

It is placed in the presence of a fibrous cavity, with fibrous changes in the lungs. After chemotherapy, the course is usually calm, without exacerbations. The progressive nature causes complications and infections.

Tuberculosis signs
Tuberculosis signs

Other TB:

- meninges (meningitis);

- peritoneum;

- intestines;

- lymph nodes (mesenteric);

- genitals (including urinary);

- bones (including joints);

- eye;

- leather;

- lymph nodes (peripheral);

- other organs.

Signs of pulmonary tuberculosis

- fever (slight, but prolonged, up to 38, higher - with more massive forms of tuberculosis) is stable, unlike acute respiratory infections, bronchitis, pneumonia;

- chills, sweating (especially at night);

- cough (in case of lung damage - first dry and persistent, especially at night, in the morning), then - with sputum, hemoptysis after a coughing fit.

Signs of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

Too vague and often fails to suggest a specific disease. This can be a fever, and vomiting, and a headache, and abdominal pain, and a violation of the stool, and blood in the stool, and pain in the bones (up to restriction of movement), etc. Each type of tuberculosis has its own characteristics. In any case, a prolonged (even if insignificant) increase in temperature is already a reason to contact a therapist and, if necessary, to narrow specialists.

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